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Galaxiki Community BlogSubscribe via RSS The International Space Station (ISS)February 07, 2008by joskirps The International Space Station (ISS) is a low Earth orbit research station which is being assembled in space by the space agencies of the United States (NASA), Russia (RKA), Japan (JAXA), Canada (CSA) and several European countries (ESA). Orbiting the Earth in less than 2 hours at a speed of 27, 700 km per hour and an altitude of 350-460 km, it can be seen with the naked eye. It has been visited by astronauts from 15 countries as well as by the first five space tourists.  The project was first announced in 1993 and assembly began in 1998 - it represents a merger of the former cancelled NASA Freedom project with several other previously planned space stations, such as Russia's Mir 2, the planned European Columbus and Kibo and the Japanese Experiment Module. It is inhabited since November 2000, it shall be completed in 2010 and shall remain operational until 2016.Solar panels are converting the light of the Sun into electricity, the solar array with an area of about an acre normally tracks the sun to maximize the amount of solar power. The onboard Life Support System controls atmospheric pressure, oxygen levels and water, and also offers fire extinguishing features for example. The ISS is constantly losing altitude, drifting down about 2. 5 km per month, so that it has to be boosted to a higher altitude several times each year. The Space Station modules - such as laboratories, docking compartments & airlocks, nodes and living quarters - are carried into space by Russian Soyuz and Progress spacecraft and by U. S. Space Shuttle orbiters. The ISS allows to conduct experiments that require one or more of the unusual conditions present on the station. The main fields of research should include biology, physics, astronomy and meteorology - but until today only little experimentation other than the study of the long-term effects of microgravity on humans has taken place. A couple of planned research modules have been cancelled, including the Centrifuge Accommodations Module and the Russian Research Module. Research done on the ISS may also help to develop the technology necessary for human-based space and planetary exploration and colonization, and NASA still considers the ISS playing a key role in the development of the planned manned space program, which is to go out beyond Earth orbit for purposes of human exploration and scientific discovery.
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